237 questions and answers — page 6 of 12
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Answer: Mechanical machines and water clocks
💡 Al-Jazari designed machines and clocks powered by water and weights, the most famous being the Elephant Clock, and he is considered a pioneer of mechanical engineering.
Answer: Tangier
💡 Ibn Battuta left Tangier in Morocco to perform Hajj, and his travels then continued for about thirty years until he reached India and China.
Answer: Ash-Shaykh ar-Ra'is (the Chief Master)
💡 Ibn Sina was called ash-Shaykh ar-Ra'is (the Chief Master) because of his standing in medicine and philosophy, while "the First Teacher" is Aristotle's title.
Answer: The Nile
💡 The Nile's flood brought fertile silt every year, so farming and cities grew up along its banks, which is why it was said: Egypt is the gift of the Nile.
Answer: Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of China
💡 Qin Shi Huang unified China in the 3rd century BCE, and farmers discovered his terracotta army by chance in 1974.
Answer: Athens
💡 The free citizens of Athens gathered and voted on decisions themselves, and the word is Greek for "rule by the people."
Answer: The Phoenicians
💡 The Phoenicians set out from the Levantine coast, and their trade carried their alphabet to the Greeks, from whom it passed to the Romans.
Answer: The Valley of the Kings
💡 The Briton Howard Carter found it in the Valley of the Kings near Luxor, almost complete with its treasures, including the famous golden mask.
Answer: Mummification
💡 Mummification went through stages of drying and wrapping in linen, because the Egyptians believed the body had to remain intact.
Answer: Al-Khwarizmi
💡 Al-Khwarizmi's name was changed in Latin to "Algoritmi," which gave us the word algorithm, meaning an ordered set of steps for solving a problem.
Answer: The Canon of Medicine
💡 In "The Canon," Ibn Sina (Avicenna) gathered the medical knowledge of his time; it was translated into Latin and taught in European universities for centuries.
Answer: Johannes Gutenberg
💡 The German Gutenberg developed his press in the 15th century, making copying books faster and cheaper and spreading knowledge widely.
Answer: Because Chinese silk was one of its most famous goods
💡 Silk, which China kept as a monopoly for centuries, was one of the most valuable goods carried along these routes, along with spices, paper, and ideas.
Answer: Alexander the Great
💡 Alexander of Macedon founded the city on the Mediterranean coast in the 4th century BCE, and it became one of the greatest cities of the ancient world.
Answer: Aristotle
💡 King Philip of Macedon summoned Aristotle to teach his son Alexander, and Aristotle himself had been a student of Plato.
Answer: Hegra (Mada'in Salih)
💡 Hegra in AlUla is the largest Nabataean archaeological site after Petra, with more than a hundred carved tombs with decorated facades.
Answer: Petra
💡 Petra, in what is southern Jordan today, is famous for its buildings carved into rose-colored rock, and it was a hub of caravan routes.
Answer: The Tigris and the Euphrates
💡 Mesopotamia (in Arabic, Bilad ar-Rafidayn) means "the land between the rivers": the Tigris and the Euphrates in Iraq, on whose banks the civilizations of Sumer, Babylon, and Assyria arose.
Answer: Champollion
💡 The Frenchman Champollion compared the hieroglyphic text on the Rosetta Stone with the Greek text written alongside it, opening the door to understanding ancient Egypt's history.
Answer: Hieroglyphics
💡 Hieroglyphics is writing with symbols and pictures that the Egyptians carved on the walls of temples and tombs and on papyrus.
