Lesson ⁦4-1⁩: Expressions and Number Sentences

Math · Fourth Grade, Primary · Unit 4: Patterns and Algebra · First Semester

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What will you learn in this lesson?

In this lesson we tell the difference between an expression such as 18 − (6 + 2) and a number sentence such as 7 + 5 = 12, and we find the value of expressions and unknown numbers. This is the beginning of algebraic thinking.

  • Distinguishes between an expression and a number sentence
  • Finds the value of an expression with parentheses
  • Finds the unknown number in an addition or subtraction number sentence
  • Writes an expression for a real-life situation

💡 Tip: Always work inside the parentheses first: 18 − (6 + 2) = 18 − 8 = 10. If you ignored the parentheses and worked from the left, you would get 14, which is wrong.

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Worked examples from the Expressions and Number Sentences lesson questions

Which of the following is a number sentence?
  • 8 + 5 = 13
  • 8 + 5
  • 12 − 4
  • 3 + 6
✓ 8 + 5 = 13
A number sentence contains an equals sign (=), while 8 + 5, 12 − 4, and 3 + 6 are expressions.
Which of the following is an expression?
  • 15 − 6
  • 15 − 6 = 9
  • 4 + 4 = 8
  • 20 = 10 + 10
✓ 15 − 6
An expression is numbers and operations without an equals sign, such as 15 − 6. The others are number sentences because they contain (=).
Show more examples (3)
What is the value of the expression 18 − (6 + 2)?
  • 10
  • 14
  • 26
  • 12
✓ 10
We start with what is inside the parentheses: 6 + 2 = 8, then 18 − 8 = 10.
What is the value of the expression (25 − 9) + 4?
  • 20
  • 12
  • 38
  • 16
✓ 20
We calculate what is inside the parentheses first: 25 − 9 = 16, then 16 + 4 = 20.
What is the unknown number in the sentence: 7 + □ = 15?
  • 8
  • 22
  • 7
  • 9
✓ 8
We look for a number that gives 15 when added to 7: 15 − 7 = 8, and we check: 7 + 8 = 15.

FAQ about the Expressions and Number Sentences lesson

What is the difference between an expression and a number sentence?

An expression is numbers and operations without an equals sign, like 25 − 9, while a number sentence has an equals, greater-than, or less-than sign, like 25 − 9 = 16.

How do I find the unknown number in 30 − □ = 12?

I think: what number do I subtract from 30 to leave 12? I subtract 30 − 12 = 18, so the unknown number is 18.

How do I study the lesson Expressions and Number Sentences and test myself on it?

Start the lesson quiz on Study with Ghada: 10 questions from the Math Fourth Grade, Primary question bank. After each answer you'll see the right answer with an explanation, and any questions you miss move to “Review my mistakes” until you master them.

Are Study with Ghada quizzes free and aligned with the curriculum?

Yes, completely free. They're built on the Math - Grade 4 - Semester 1 lessons in the same order as the book, and every question is reviewed and approved by a teacher before students see it.